The Democratic platform favored a reduction in the tariff, a graduated income tax, farm relief with easier credit and farm subsidies for crop prices, independence for the Philippines, a national referendum on the League of Nations, strict enforcement of antitrust laws, and public works projects to reduce unemployment.
Given the general conservatism of both nominees, a number of discontented politicians reconstituted Theodore Roosevelt's old Progressive Party, the breakaway vehicle he had established in , but it drew nowhere near the support TR had.
Wheeler of Montana on their ticket, they offered what was becoming an old-fashioned Progressive reform agenda, including action against industrial monopolies, public ownership of water resources and the national railroads, a substantial increase in the inheritance tax, an excess-profits tax debt relief for farmers, and government subsidies to support crop prices.
In the election campaign, the Republicans urged the nation to "Keep Cool with Coolidge," a popular slogan that reflected the public's sense of optimism, based on the strong economy and prospects of the endurance of peace in Europe. President Coolidge took advantage of the new medium of radio to reach millions with his campaign speeches, while the advertising executive Bruce Barton helped promote an appealing, homespun image of the President through interviews, magazine profiles, and the publication of his speeches.
Davis waged an aggressive campaign, attacking the Republicans as the party of corruption and bravely denouncing the Ku Klux Klan where Coolidge would not, but he fared poorly outside the South. In the end, Coolidge won 54 percent of the vote compared to He compiled electoral votes in 35 states. Grant Rutherford B.
Hayes James A. Garfield Chester A. Roosevelt Harry S. Truman Dwight D. Eisenhower John F. Kennedy Lyndon B. Bush Bill Clinton George W. He served three single-year terms as lieutenant governor of Massachusetts from to , and two single-year terms as governor of Massachusetts from to Coolidge attracted national attention as governor during a Boston police strike, in which he called upon units of the National Guard and called for recruitment of a new police force. Delegates to the Republican national convention selected Coolidge as Warren Harding 's vice presidential running mate.
Harding and Coolidge defeated Democrats James Cox and Franklin Roosevelt , earning over 60 percent of the popular vote. Coolidge was the first vice president to attend cabinet meetings. Harding died unexpectedly on August 2, , while visiting San Francisco.
Coolidge was in Vermont at the time and was sworn in as president of the United States by his father, a notary public. After assuming office, Coolidge addressed Congress for the first time in December In , he signed the Revenue Act of , which reduced inheritance and personal income taxes. He also signed the Immigration Act of , or the Johnson-Reid Act, which reduced immigration to the United States from parts of Europe and ended immigration from Japan.
In , Coolidge ran for president as the Republican nominee. Charles Dawes was chosen as the vice presidential nominee. Coolidge and Dawes defeated the Democratic candidate, John W.
Davis, and the Progressive party candidate, Robert LaFollette. Coolidge signed the Revenue Act of , which further reduced federal taxes. The federal debt and budget deficits also fell over the course his presidency, and his administration limited federal regulation.
In foreign affairs, Coolidge authorized representatives including Vice President Dawes to develop what became known as the Dawes plan to resolve European financial disputes stemming from the conclusion of World War I. His administration entered into the Kellogg-Briand Pact with the United Kingdom, Japan, France, Italy, and Germany, which called for peaceful settlement of international disputes.
Major events that took place during Coolidge's presidency include Charles Lindbergh's first transatlantic flight and the first connection of a radio telephone system between New York and London.
In , Coolidge announced that he would not run for re-election. Coolidge was married to Grace Anna Goodhue from until his death. Together they had two sons: John and Calvin, Jr. They defeated James Cox and Franklin Roosevelt in the election. Smith for President and Joseph T. Robinson for vice president. A Catholic, Smith will have his loyalty questioned during the campaign as religious prejudice plays a key role in the election. Richard E. Byrd begins the first leg of his flight to the South Pole in Antarctica.
Reaching the pole in November, Byrd explores and studies the continent for the next twenty years. Named for its two principal authors, Secretary of State Frank B. Kellogg and French foreign minister Aristide Briand, the pact outlaws war as a means to settle disputes, substituting diplomacy and world opinion for armed conflict. Ultimately signed by 62 nations, the pact is more symbolic than practical, though Kellogg would win the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts the following year.
Hoover wins the presidential election in an apparent landslide, electoral votes to Smith's In fact, the popular vote shows a much closer race, with 21,, for Hoover and 15,, for Smith. Grant Rutherford B.
Hayes James A. Garfield Chester A. Roosevelt Harry S. Truman Dwight D. Eisenhower John F. Kennedy Lyndon B. Bush Bill Clinton George W. Help inform the discussion Support the Miller Center. University of Virginia Miller Center. Breadcrumb U. August 3, Calvin Coolidge sworn in. September 15, Martial law and the KKK. December 6, Coolidge's first State of the Union.
March 18, Soldiers' Bonus Bill passes. May 3, May 26, July 1, Parties nominate their candidates. August 30, September 18, Marines withdraw from Dominican Republic. November 4, March 4, March 23, Isle of Pines Treaty ratified. KKK demonstrates in Washington. January 27, February 26, Revenue Act becomes law. April 29, Cancelling French debt. May 9, First successful flight over North Pole. May 10,
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