Moreover, patients with ataxic cerebral palsy may experience some or all of the following symptoms:. The fourth main type of cerebral palsy is mixed cerebral palsy, which is a combination of spasticity and athetoid movements.
Please see above for details about these types of cerebral palsy. To learn more about the causes of cerebral palsy and your legal rights, please contact the qualified and experienced attorneys at Aitken, Aitken and Cohn, who are here to provide the assistance you need.
Cerebral Palsy Types Generally speaking, there are four types of cerebral palsy , which are classified by location of brain damage, the type of movement impairment, and other symptoms caused by the illness.
These four main types of cerebral palsy, which are discussed in detail below include: Spastic cerebral palsy Athetoid cerebral palsy Ataxic cerebral palsy Mixed cerebral palsy It is important to read our information on the causes of cerebral palsy as it can help you understand why you or your child or loved one developed this condition.
Spastic Cerebral Palsy The most common type of cerebral palsy is Spastic Cerebral Palsy, accounting for 70 to 80 percent of all cases of cerebral palsy in the United States. Athetoid Cerebral Palsy Athetoid cerebral palsy, also called dyskinetic cerebral palsy, affects 10 to 25 percent of all people with this condition. Ataxic Cerebral Palsy Ataxic cerebral palsy, which is much less common than the two aforementioned types, affects only between 5 and 10 percent of those with this condition.
To help your child move and learn as much as possible, work closely with your care team to develop a treatment plan. Then, as your child grows and their needs change, adjust the plan as needed.
Reviewed by: M. Larger text size Large text size Regular text size. What Is Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy? What Causes Cerebral Palsy? When they try to get their muscles to move a certain way, other movements happen, such as: dystonia: twisting and repeating movements that can be painful athetosis: slow, writhing movements chorea: irregular, abrupt movements Kids with all types of CP can have vision, hearing, speech, eating, behavior, and learning problems. So health care professionals look at many things, including a child's: development growth reflexes movement muscle tone Testing may include: brain MRI , CT scan , or ultrasound blood and urine pee tests to check for other medical conditions, including genetic conditions electroencephalography EEG to look at electrical activity in the brain electromyography EMG to check for muscle weakness evaluation of how a child walks and moves speech, hearing, and vision testing How Is Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy Treated?
You also can get information and support from CP organizations, such as: Cerebral Palsy Foundation United Cerebral Palsy Staying strong and healthy is not only good for you, but also for your child and your whole family. Looking Ahead Living with cerebral palsy is different for every child.
A child with athetoid cerebral palsy may exhibit involuntary movements, especially when trying to perform voluntary movements. Common dyskinetic movements include repetitive motions or twisting dystonia , slow movements athetosis , and unpredictable or dance-like movements chorea.
Spasticity may accompany dyskinetic movements. If your child has athetoid CP, you may notice:. Athetoid CP can affect just one part of the body focal dystonia or the whole body generalized dystonia.
Cervical focal dystonia impacts the neck muscles, while hemidystonia affects one arm and one leg on the same side of the body. Focal dystonia may only occur when the person tries a certain movement, such as standing. It may also cause drooling.
Diagnosing athetoid cerebral palsy is most common around nine months or older, when it becomes possible to notice irregular developmental delays. If parents notice issues with balance and coordination, or involuntary or jerky movements, it could be a sign of cerebral palsy.
The brain injury that causes Cerebral Palsy affects motor function, the ability to control the body in a desired matter. Two main groupings include spastic and non-spastic.
Each has multiple variations and it is possible to have a mixture of both types. Proper muscle tone when bending an arm requires the bicep to contract and the triceps to relax. When muscle tone is impaired, muscles do not work together and can even work in opposition to one another. Hypertonia is associated with spastic Cerebral Palsy. Hypotonia is associated with non-spastic Cerebral Palsy. Two classifications by motor function: pyramidal spastic and extrapyramidal non-spastic. When referring to location of the brain injury, spastic and non-spastic Cerebral Palsy is referred to in the medical community as pyramidal and extrapyramidal Cerebral Palsy.
The pyramidal tract consists of two groups of nerve fibers responsible for voluntary movements. They descend from the cortex into the brain stem. Pyramidal Cerebral Palsy would indicate that the pyramidal tract is damaged or not functioning properly. Extrapyramidal Cerebral Palsy indicates the injury is outside the tract in areas such as the basal ganglia, thalamus, and cerebellum.
Pyramidal and extrapyramidal are key components to movement impairments. Spasticity implies increased muscle tone. Muscles continually contract, making limbs stiff, rigid, and resistant to flexing or relaxing. Reflexes can be exaggerated, while movements tend to be jerky and awkward.
Often, the arms and legs are affected. The tongue, mouth, and pharynx can be affected, as well, impairing speech, eating, breathing, and swallowing. The injury to the brain occurs in the pyramidal tract and is referred to as upper motor neuron damage. The stress on the body created by spasticity can result in associated conditions such as hip dislocation, scoliosis, and limb deformities.
One particular concern is contracture, the constant contracting of muscles that results in painful joint deformities. Spastic Cerebral Palsy is often named in combination with a topographical method that describes which limbs are affected, such as spastic diplegia, spastic hemiparesis, and spastic quadriplegia. Multiple forms of non-spastic Cerebral Palsy are each characterized by particular impairments; one of the main characteristics of non-spastic Cerebral Palsy is involuntary movement.
Movement can be slow or fast, often repetitive, and sometimes rhythmic. Planned movements can exaggerate the effect — a condition known as intention tremors. Stress can also worsen the involuntary movements, whereas sleeping often eliminates them.
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